Machine for barbing wire



(No Model.) Immers-sheet 1.'

A. JOHNSTON.'

MACHINE FOR BARBING WIRE. 10.273,286. v Patented Manmass.

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` A. JOHNSTON. A

DMGHINB EUR BARBIN@ WIRE. No. 273,286. Patented Mar. 6, 1883.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

A. JOHNSTQN.

MACHINE FOR BARBING WIRE.

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(No Model.)

4 Sheets-#Sheel', 4. A. JOHNSTON.

MAGHINBPOR BARBIN@ WIRE.

Patented Mar.6,1883.

ALLEN JOHNSTON, or OTTUMWA, IOWA.

MACHINE FOR BARBING WIRE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,286, dated March 6,1883.

I Application filed December 27, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN JOHNSTON, of Ottumwa, VV-apello county, Iowa,have invent'- ed a new and useful Improvement in Machines for MakingBarbed Wire, which improvement is fully set forth in followingspecification,

The invention yhas reference more particularly to machines for makingbarbed-wire fencing, in which the wire for making the barbs is carriedby and delivered from a revolving support turning around thestrand-wire, instead of from a stationary support at the side of thestrand-wire, although it is in part applicable to other kinds ofmachines. v

It comprises a barb-applying mechanism operating on a new principle,animproved feeder for the wire for making the barbs,or the barbwire,77as it will be hereinafter called, a new barbing-clamp, and a strand-wirefeeder for aiding in the application of the barbs and for advancing thestrand-wire, and also'certain special constructions, combinations, andarrangements of parts in the machine.

The object of the invention is to make a simple rapidly-operatingmachine, not liable to get out of order, and efficient in theapplication of the barbs.

The new principle of operation in barbing is the holding of the free endof thc barb-wire and the wrapping of the said wire from its.

crossing with the strand-wire inward toward the body of the wire bytherevolution of the spool or body of barb-wire around the strand-wire.After the wrapping, the barb is severed from the body of the wire.Heretofore the barbs have been severed from the body of the barb-wireafter application to the strand-wire, but in all such cases, so far as Iam aware, the free end of the barb has been wrapped around thestrand-wire, so that the A number of revolutions of its support,according to difference in velocity of said support and the said cani.

The new barbing-clamp comprises jaws arranged to hold the end of thebarb-wire and to clamp it against the strand wire. The strand-wirefeeder comprises jaws mounted on a slide and adapted to clamp thestrand-wires and advance the same. By mounting thejaws ot" thebarbing-clamp upon the slide they will serve the double purpose ofholding the barbwire in vbarbing and advancing the strandwire a-t'terthe application and severance ofthe barb.

The other improvements, including the manner of combining the foregoinginto one machine, will be hereinafter specified.

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification,represent a barbedfence machine constructed in accordance with theinvention.

Figure lis a central longitudinal vertical section, partly in elevation;Fig. 2, a plan; Fig. 8, an end elevation; and Figs. 4 and 5, verticalcross-sections of the machine on lines xx and y y, Fig. l, respectively.Fig. 6 is a development ofthe cylindrical cam for advancing thestrand-wire, and Fig.y 7 an elevation of the cani for feeding thebarb-wire.

. A is the machine-frame, by which the other parts are supporteddirectly orindirectly. The hollow spindle B, the cam-shaft C, and therock-shaft Dare journaled in bearings, and the slide E is mounted inways in or on said frame, and the bracket F is bolted thereto. Thebarbing-head G is made in one piece with the spindle B by casting orotherwise, or it is fastened thereto. It revolves with said spindle. Itis provided with a barb-wire holder and guide, H, through which thebarb-wire is delivered, and by which the said wire is carried around thestrand-wire. As shown, the holder and guide is formed by a ring orwasher bolted to the head; but it may be otherwise formed. The ring orwasher has a hole drilled obliquely through it for the passage of thebarb-wire. Near its circumference the head is made hollow to receive thecoil I of barb-wire, which is wound in the space circumferentially-thatis, it is wound upon the body of the head as on a spool. The coil issupported upon antifriction rollers K, to allow it to be IOO thespring-plate N and slide L, which form the jaws of a clamp, through ahole in the pin M, and thence through the holder and guide H. The slideL heilig moved by the cam P, as eX- plained below, toward the center oraxis ofthe head, the clamp holds the barb-wire and draws a certainlength of it from the coil I, and feeds volve with the head.

thesainelength through theholderandguideH. When it is moved back awayfrom the center the end of the barbwire is held stationary by meansdescribed below, and the clamp slips over the wire. The ends of thespring-plate N are preferably notched to tit over the wire, as shown inFig. 5. The barb-wire is either placed on the head, as a coil alreadymade, or it is wound into the head. llhe construction of head shownadmits ot' either mode of proceeding. The annular rim Q is separate fromthe body of the head, and is held in place by overlapping i'langes andscrews. The flanges hold the rim from movement in one direction and thescrew-heads from movement in the other, while at the same time the rimis leftV free to turn on the body of the head.

By removing the screws, the rim can be taken oft', a coil ot' wire putin, and the rim then replaced. It may be said, however, that, as shown,the other parts ofthe machine are not adapted to permit the removal ofthe rim. It is, in fact, deemed more advantageous to wind the wire intothe head. For this purpose the periphery ot' the rim has a hole orpreferably a cross-slot, It, through which the Wire is passed, one endof the barb-wire being held, say, between the vspring-plate N and slideL. The revolution of the head G will wind the wire thereon. During thewinding the rim is kept stationary, but when all the wire has been drawninto the rim it is allowed to re- Ihe periphery of the rim, beingclosed, prevents the last end ofthe wire heilig thrown out by thecentrifugal force. It' the wire end were otherwise secured, there wouldbe no need of closing the periphery, and the periphery being open acrossthe entire width or partially there would be no need of a separate rim.Flanges integral with the body of the head could be used to retain thewire in position. The wire can be wound into the head before the barbingcommences or while the barbing is progressing. The barbing-head and itsspindle are revolved by a belt on the pulley S, or by other appropriatemeans.`

The slide L is reciprocated by the grooved cam P, the pin M fitting intothe .groove in the inner face of said cam, or face adjacent to the gearscould be substituted without altering the principle of operation. Thedifference in the relative velocities depends upon the number ot' turnsthe barbs are to have around the strandwire and the shape of the cam l?.In the mai chine represented, the cam makes two revolutions to threeofthe head, and has two reverse inclines-to wit, at 1 2 3 a gradualincline, and at 3 4 1 a sharp incline. Both the head G and the cam Prevolve in the direction ot' the arrow, (see Fig. 7,) and the pin M,which is carried by the head, will therefore in each three revolutionsof the said head makea complete circuit of the cam-groove in thatdirection, and will pass successively t-he points l 2 3 4. lhe said pinaifd the slide L, in which it is fixed, will therefore by the incline l2 3 be moved gradually outward toward the periphery of the barbing-headduring two and one-half revolutions, or thereabout, (which is while thebarb-wire is wrapping around the strandwire,) and will then inthereinaining half-revolution be moved by the incline 3 4 1 rapidlytoward the center to feed the wire, ready for wrapping a new barb.

Itis obvious that the shape of the cam, the number of reverse inelines,and the differential veloeity can be altered within Wide limits. Theslide could be made to pause at the end ofits stroke in eithei`direction by makinghe cani ofthe proper shape.

1n the interior ofthe hollow spindle is a non` rotating strand-wireholder, Z. It comprises a tube screwed at its outer end (right hand,Fig. 1) into the bracket F, and a tip, A, screwed to the inner end ofthe tube. 'lhe said tip A is supported and centered in the head G by theloose ring B andthe barb-wire holder and guide H.

In the bracket F is a brake for applying friction to the strand-wire. Itcomprises the spring C,the follower D,and thenut E. Thespring pressesthe follower against the nut, so that they clamp the wire between them.The follower has a projection, F', passing through the nut. By pressingupon said projection the follower may be moved down to release the wire.The nut E can be adjusted to center the wire in the tube.

The gear X is keyed or otherwise fastened to the cam-shaft C, sothat thesaid shaft derives motion through it and the gear W from the spindle B.In the machine shown, the camshaft makes one revolution to three ofthespindie; but this proportion may be varied.

0n the shaft O are keyed or otherwisev fast- IOCJ IlO

ened the cams G'H'l'. Thecam H' is a drurn grooved on its periphery. Thepin K', tapped into the slide E, works in said groove, so that by therevolutions of the cam the said'slide is reciprocated in its ways. Thepreferred shape ofthe cam-groove is shown in Fig. 6- that is to say, ithas two reverseinclines and a straight portion-,so that the slide isreciprocated once in each revolution, and is made to pause at the end ofits stroke. Of the inclines one is composed of a member, 56,with gradualslope, (so as to move the slideslowly,)anda second member, 6 7, having asteep slope, (so as to move the slide rapidly,) while the' secondincline, 7 8,

vhas a steep slope, (so as to return the slide rapidly.) Between 8 '5 isthe straight portion. llhe cam revolves in the direction of the arrow,and moves the slide outward, (to thele'ft, Fig. 1,) slowly at1irst(while the barb is applying) and then rapidly, (to feed thestrandwire,) and then retnrnsit quickly for a newoperation.

Journaled in bearings in the slide E are twov rock-shafts, L' M',carrying clamping-jaws N' at their inner ends, and geared together bysectors P' at their outer ends. A depending arm, Q', on the rock-shaftM', bears atits outer end upon the periphery of the cam 1', and itisalso connected by the spiral tension-springR' with the pin S', iixedinthe slide. The cam l' has its periphery notched at 10. (See Fig. 3.)When the notch comes opposite the end ofthe larm Q' the spring R' drawsit into the notch and turns the rock-shafts L' M' so as to separatethejaws N'. The faces of thejaws should be slightly recessed to receivethe strand-wire and the barb-wire, so that they take firm hold of them.The rock-shafts and their accessories are carried back and forth withtheslide E.

The cam l' is made broad-faced, so that it is always under the arm Q'.The cams l' H' are so fixed in relation to each other that the notch 1Uis under the arm Q'whiletl1eincline 7 8 moves over the pin K'. The jawshave therefore the following four successive motions, to wit: Beingclosed, they are moved outward, (to the left, Fig. 1,) carrying the wirewith them; they are opened, releasing the wire; they are returned inwardwithout the wire, and they are closed to clamp the wire between them.

Upon the rock-shaft D is keyedor otherwise fastened the cutter-frame T',one arm of which rests upon the cam G', while the other arm carries theknife or cutter U', which severs the barbs from the barb-wire. The camG' is Vnotched at 9 to allow the cutter to come into contact with thebarb-wire. The weight of the A cutter-frame tends to make it drop whenreleased by the cam G', and, as shown, this'tendency is assisted by thetension-spring W'.

The holder and guide Hfor the barb-wire cti-operates with the knife orcutter U in severing the wire. The barb-wire being delivered through anoblique hole in said holder and guide, the edge of this hole which isfarthest from the knife or cutter U at the time of severing thebarb-wire acts as the second cuttingedge of a pair of shears, of whichthe edge of the knife or 'cutter U is the first. I

Having thus explained in detail the construction and operation of theseveral parts of the machine, the operation as a whole will now bedescribed.

The follower in bracket F being depressed, the strand-wireis insertedthrough the bracket F, tube Z, tip A', and is thence passed between thejaws N' and carried to a spooler (not shown) of any ordinary or suitableconstruction. The end of the barb-wire is passed downward between thespring-plate N and slide L. This may be done beforeor after the head hasbeen iilled with the'Abarb-wire, as before indicated. will be woundvinto the head as the barbing proceeds. Power being applied to thepulley S, the spindle B and cam-shaft C, with their cams and gears, arerotated in the direction of the arrows. As shown, the slide is at itsinmost point, having 'fed down the barb-wire across the strand-wire, andslightly oblique thereto. The slide E is at the inner end of its stroke.The jaws N' are closed upon the strandwire and the projecting end of thebarb-wire and press them together. The cutter or knite Uis raised awayfrom thebarb-wire. The continued revolution of the barbiug-head wrapsthe barb-wire around the strand-wire, the wind-.

ing proceeding from the point of crossing with the strand-wire towardthe body of the wire. As the wrapping advances the slide E is withdrawnenough to allow the several coils to be laid closely side by side. Thesupply of barbwire for wrapping is drawn from the coil I between thespring-plate N and slide L. These parts act therefore as a tension uponthe-barbwire and cause it to be wrapped evenly and tightly upon thestrand-wire. Just before the barbing-head has finished wrapping thebarbwire around the strand-wire the cutter-frame is released by the camG and drops, bringing the knife or cutter U' in the path of thebarb-wire. The latter, by further revolutions of the head, is carriedagainst and across the knifes edge and is severed diagonally, leavingthe barb attached to the strand-wire, while the body of the barb-wirecontinues its revolution with the barbing-head. While this has beenhappening the slide has been drawn back or outward, ready for a newfeed. Immediately upon this severance ofthe barb-wire the slide E, withthe strand-wire and attached barb, is moved rapidly away from thebarbiug-head, drawing a new length of strand-wire th rough the bracket Fand strand-wire holder Z A'. Simultaneously the slide L begins to moveinward to feed the end ofthe barb-wire across the strandwire, the jawsN' are opened, they, with the slide E, are returned, and so soon as thefeed of the barb-wire is complete theyresume their hold upon the wires,the slideE being for the time stationary. The same cycle of operationsis then repeated indefinitely.

The machine shown barbs a single strandwire. By introducing two or morestrand- If before, then the barb-wire IOS IIO

wires, twisted or otherwise, through theholder tomatio feeder for thebarb-wire, automatic Z A' it will apply barbs thereto in the samemanner. No material alteration will be necessary. It' it be desired tohave one end ot the barb thrust between two strand-wires, thestrand-wire holder may have two separate openings in the tip for the twostrand-wires. The strand-wires lnight be relied upon to hold fast theend of the barb-wire. The machine maybe adapted to apply two or morebarbs simultaneously. Various other lnodications could be made withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention. Those just indicated are notclaimed herein, except as the modilied machines embody principles ofoperation or ot' structure in common with that shown.

The specific modifications may form the subject of separate patents.

The single-strand fencing shown in Fig. l may be used with or withoutother Wires. It is designed, however, to twist with the barbed strand aplain strand in the manner and by the means well known to those skilledin the art, or by any suitable means.

Portions ot' the invention may be used separately. Parts of the machineshown without materially altering their construction or individualoperation could be used in machines having as a whole a diiferentoperation from that described, and similarly the parts ot' the machinemay be altered without material change in the general principle of themachine. A revolving support for the barb could be obtained Withoutemploying the barbing-head as a spool-as, for example, a spool mountedon some other part of the spindle.

Instead of a cam and clamp for feeding the barb-wire, other devices,equivalents thereof, could be used-such, for example, as mutilated gearsand feed-wheels.

Having now fully described my said invention and the mannerotl carryingthe saine into eli'ect, what Iv claim is- 1. In a barbed-fence machine,and in combination with strand wire-supporting means, barbing mechanismfor thrusting the barb-wire across the strandswire, leaving the endthereof projecting beyond the strand-wire, and for wrapping around thestrand-wirethat portion of the barb-wire which is between the crossingot' the barb and strand wires and the barbwire coil or spool while suchportion is still connected with the barb coil or spool, inoontradistinction to barbing mechanism for wrapping'the free end ot' thebarb-wire or free ends ot' loose barbs around the strand-wire,substantially as described.

2. The combination, with strand-wire-supporting means, of barbingmechanism for feeding the barb-wire across the strand-wire, and forwrapping around the latter the portion ot' the barb-wire between saidcrossing and the body or coil of said barb-wire, and cutting means forsevering the barbs from the barbwire after wrapping,substantially asdescribed.

3. rIhe combination of strand-wire supports, an automatic feeder for thestrand-wire, au aubarbing mechanism for wrapping the barbwire around thestrand-wire, beginning at the crossing with said strand-wire andproceeding toward the body or coil of the barb-Wire, and automaticmechanism for severing the barbwirezafter wrapping,substantially asdescribed.

4. 'Ihe combination of arevolvingbarbinghead and supportfor thebarb-wire, with means' for holding the end ofthe barb-wire, and withstrand-wire supports for upholding without rotating the strand-wire,substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a revolving barbi1ig-liead,ofa barb-wire feedercarried by said head and a cam revolving in the same direction as saidhead and at a Adifferent speed for operating said feeder, substantiallyas described.

(5. The combination of a revolving barbnghead, a slide supported in waysof said head, a barb-wire feedelamp cirried by said slide, a cam forreciprocating said slide, and mechanism for revolving the cam in thesame direction as the head and ata different speed, substantially asdescribed. i

7. The combination, with strand-wire supports and barbing mechanism fordrawing the barb-wire from a spool or coil and wrapping the saidbarb-wire around the strand-wire, ot' means for applying tension to thebarb-wire at'oresaid during said wrapping, substantially as described.

S. A barbing-head constructed to form a spool to receive the barb-wire,so that the said wire may be supported thereon as a circumferentialcoil, substantially as described.

9. A barbing-head and barb-wire spool, in combination with a barb-wireholder and guide anda feeder placed between the circumference ot' saidspool and the said holder and guide, substantially as described.

ll). The barbinghead having a separate rim movable independently ot' thebodyl ot'said head, substantially as described.

11. The barbing-head having near its periphery a ring of rollers uponwhich the coil ot barb-wire may be supported, substantially asdescribed.

l2. 'Ihe combination of a revolving barbinghead constructed to supportthe coil ot` barbwire, a sliding feed-clamp supported in the ways ot'said head, a barb-wire holder and guide, a cam for operating said slide,and mechanism for revolving said cam inthe same direction as the head ata different speed, substantially' as described.

13. In a barbed-fence machine, and in combination with strandwiresupports and a barbing-head, clamping-jaws arranged to receive betweenthem both thestrand-Wire and the end ot' the barb-wire, and operatingmechanism for closing said jaws at the beginning of the barbingoperation, so as to clamp the barbwire against the strand-wire,substantially as described.

14. In a barbed-fence machine, a barbing- IOC) IIO

IIS

head and a four-motion-clamp feeder, in combination with. operatingmechanism for closing the jaws of the clamp upon the strandwire duringthe barbing operation, for then advancing the jaws with. the strand-wireand newly-applied barb, for opening the jaws and returning the same fora new feed, substantially as described. y

15. In a barbed-fence machine, and in combination ,with the barb-wirefeeding, barbwrappin g, and barb-Severin g mechanism thereof, feedingmechanism for gradually advancing the strand-wire during the wrapping,substantially as described.

16. The combination, with a barbing-head and strand-wire supports, ofclamping-jaws for clamping the end of the barb-wire against thestrand-wire,`and mechanism for advancing said jaws for each coil of thebarb-wire a distance equal to the pitch of the coil, substantially asdescribed.

17. The combination, with a revolving barbing-head and barb-wiresupport, of non-rotating devices .for holding the strand-wire and theend of a barb-wire, and a cutter for severing the barb, substantially asdescribed.

18. A barbed-fence machine comprising incombination the followingelements, to wit: machine-frame, hollow spindle, barbing-head, barb-wiresupport, and barb-wire feeder, all carried by said spindle, cam foroperating said feeder, cam-shaft, gearing for imparting motion from saidspindle to said cam and said shaft, non-rotating strand-wire holder,cams carried by said cam-shaft, and barbing-clamp and strand-wirefeeder, and barb-wire cutter operated by said cams, substantially` asdescribed.

19. The method of barbing a strand-wire, by wrapping a barb-wire aroundthe strandwire, beginning at the crossing of the two wires, andproceeding toward the spool or coil of the barb-wire, and, after wrapping, severing the barb from the coil or body of the wire, substantially asdescribed. f

In testimony whereofI have signed this speciication in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

ALLEN JOHNSTON. Witnesses:

A. PoLLoK, PHILIP MAURO.

